10. Summer School and Workshop on RIB Production Targets and Ion Sources Took Place in May
(H. K. Carter)

The first U.S. "Radioactive Ion Beam-Targets and Ion Sources" summer school and workshop took place in Oak Ridge, May 23-27.

The summer school portion of the program intrduced 23 young researchers from a variety of scientific disciplines to the research field of radioactive ion beam production. Following the school, students joined more than 40 other scientists for a two-day workshop to discuss emerging trends and techniques in the field.

The purpose of the school was to introduce young researchers - ranging from advanced undergraduates to post doctoral students - to a field of study that was entirely new to many of them. An additional goal is to attract researchers from disciplines other than nuclear physics into target/ion source development. By bringing together scientists from a broad cross section of disciplines (from chemistry to material sciences), the school and workshop provided a chance to introduce future scientists to the growing field of radioactive ion beams, and to gain perspectives from outside experts.

The summer school's morning sessions were dedicated to lectures from experts from all over the world covering topics from motivations for making radioactive ion beams to diffusion/effusion in the target-ion source system and ion beam optics. In the afternoon, participants divided into five groups where docents and HRIBF staff and researchers guided students through hands-on experiments in the laboratory. The afternoon experiments included measuring the release rate of arsenic out of proton-irradiated germanium target material at different temperatures and different times. Using the online isotope separator, the students measured the time-profile of the release of stable arsenic implanted in a catcher in the target position of a target-ion source. Additionally, students were given an introduction to different computer programs for thermochemistry and nuclear physics. At the ISTF2 the students were introduced to another isotope separator as well as beam emittance measuring equipment. Students also had a chance to assemble ion sources and view different kinds of target materials.

The workshop following the school changed the focus and level of the science as experienced scientists joined the school participants at a conference center in downtown Oak Ridge. The workshop, which was organized by John D'Auria of Simon Fraser University, focused on the production of new radioactive ion beams that are presently not available, as well as improving existing beams in intensity and purity. The two-day workshop consisted of presentations followed by discussions. The presentations focused on seven topics in the general area of Isotope Separator On-Line (ISOL) targets and ion sources, and these were discussed by key experts from various laboratories around the world.