Three models are used to demonstrate the usefulness of this method.
They are a dipping layer model, a reef model,
and a salt model. Each model illustrates some difficulty associated
with the seismic data processing method.
- Dipping layers
move the expected midpoint; the exploding reflector
source point is not at the midpoint between source and receiver.
The dipping layer model is shown in Figure 20.
- The reef model has a seal with a high porosity
zone associated with a natural gas or oil accumulation. This is
indicated by a higher than expected reflection coefficient
and a phase reversal of the signal.
The reef model is shown in Figure 23.
- The salt structure has the feature of a slow moving slug of salt
rising up through layered sediments and trapping around the
flanks pockets of hydrocarbon. The signals from such
an intrusion are reflected far from the expected vertical position,
which makes it very difficult to correctly position the
exploration well site.
Salt has a very high sound velocity, which further
complicates accurate processing of the data.
The salt model is shown in Figure 26.
